Laser cutting has the advantages of small thermal deformation, high cutting precision, and easy to realize automatic cutting.
Through the use of a high-power laser source, cutting speed and cutting surface quality are better than plasma cutting.
Therefore, laser cutting technology has developed into a developed plate cutting method.
Laser cutting machine not only has the complex mechanical and electrical characteristics of conventional numerical control equipment but also has its unique structural characteristics, such as the Department of Optics System, high-pressure system and cooling system, etc.
In order to minimize the processing time and reduce the cost, it is necessary to do a good job in the maintenance of the equipment to ensure that the machine tool has the highest processing speed possible, so as to improve the average fault-free time and equipment utilization of the system.
The design structure of the Bystronic Laser cutting Machine
Bystronic laser machines can be divided into bed, switchboard, electrical control cabinet, laser generator, and laser control cabinet, loading and unloading devices, and so on.
The cutting tool is a laser beam; through the group of mirrors fixed on the motion axis of the machine, the “suspension optical (floating optical)” system is adopted to transmit the light beam to the workpiece to ensure the stability of the optical path from the laser generator to the cutting head.
At present, this technology has become a standard technology widely used by countries all over the world.
The laser activation medium is a mixture of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and helium.
The direction of gas flow is consistent with the axial direction of the resonant cavity.
The axial flow of gas can be cooled effectively, so the energy conversion process in the resonant cavity can be optimized.
The processing principle of the Bystronic laser cutting machine
The cutting process is a process of interaction among laser beam, cutting auxiliary gas, and workpiece.
That is, the laser acts on the surface of the material, the material is heated and melted at high temperature, and then the hot material is burned or blown away by auxiliary gas to form a slit.
Therefore, adjusting the laser power, auxiliary gas pressure, and other parameters will not only achieve the best cutting performance but also reduce the same amount of loss.
Maintenance of Bystronic CO2 laser cutting machine
According to the structure and processing principle of the equipment, the maintenance can be divided into four parts: the peripheral equipment, the machine bed and control part, the maintenance of the excitation generator and the high voltage part, and the control of the machining process.
Power supply
Because of the high voltage system, the laser cutting machine generally has requirements for the quality of the power supply, and the allowable range of grid voltage is usually 10% ~ + 5% of the rated value. if the voltage fluctuates greatly, three-phase imbalance, or high-frequency interference, and other phenomena, will cause the misoperation of the machine tool and the damage of high-voltage components.
Therefore, we should often monitor the quality of the main power supply, for areas with poor quality of the power network, it is recommended to install voltage regulators and use dedicated lines; at the same time, we should also ensure that it works properly.
The Bystronic laser machine also requires the equipment to be grounded independently, one is to protect the grounding for the safety design, and the other is to ensure the stability of the distance induction of the cutting nozzle when cutting.
Therefore, it is necessary to measure the grounding resistance of the equipment regularly.
Compressed air
In addition to the needs of conventional pneumatic systems, the external optical path lenses of laser cutting machines are generally protected by compressed air.
Bystronic Laser AG.
The company’s cutting machine is equipped with multi-stage air filters in the machine tool gas unit and laser generator, such as oil-water separator, activated carbon filter, etc., and the protective gas source of the lens is also filtered through the Ultrapac filter to ensure that the gas is dry and clean, and the replacement cycle of the filter element is clearly defined.
However, it should be emphasized that although the equipment itself has its own filter installation, there are still requirements for the user’s compressed air source.
If there is too much water and oil, the life of the filter element will be greatly shortened.
Once the lens is contaminated, the service life will be greatly shortened, the laser power will decrease, the cutting speed will decrease, and as a result, the maintenance cost will increase.
Therefore, the maintenance of laser cutting machines must not forget the maintenance of the air compressors and dryers.
Laser gas purity
The laser gases of the CO2 laser cutting machine are CO2, He, and N2.
Manufacturers will have strict indicators for gas purity:
Only when the purity of the laser gas is ensured, the best discharge E _ (par) N value (electron characteristic energy) can be obtained after mixing, and a stable exciting light can be produced.
If the gas content exceeds the standard, especially the water content, it will weaken the energy of the laser beam, accelerate the aging of internal components such as discharge tubes and discharge electrodes, and of course, the life of the internal lens of the resonant cavity will also be shortened.
Vacuum cleaner
The process of laser cutting will produce a lot of industrial dust and vacuuming.
The function of the device is to remove dust and odor and keep the equipment and environment clean.
The cleaning and maintenance of the dedusting equipment should be carried out in strict accordance with the regulations to ensure the dedusting effect.
If the cutting dust can not be effectively removed, it will inevitably adhere to the mechanical and electrical parts, speed up the wear of the mechanical parts, and the electric parts are also easy to short circuit, resulting in failure; when the cutting head part adheres to too much dust, the detection of the distance of the nozzle will not be accurate, and it is difficult to guarantee the cutting quality when cutting stainless steel, aluminum alloy and other materials that require high energy focus.
Water cooler
The efficiency of the CO2 laser is 10% ~ 20%, and most of the input power is used for gas heating, and the gas temperature rises rapidly when the working gas temperature reaches 300C. When the working gas temperature reaches 300C, the particle inversion of the upper level of the laser no longer exists and there is no laser output.
In fact, when the temperature exceeds 150 ℃, the photoelectric conversion efficiency has decreased obviously.
Therefore, laser cutting machines have cooling devices to keep the laser gas temperature constant and cool laser lenses and other heating parts.
In general, if the water cooler has a fault alarm, such as a temperature alarm, flow alarm, it will automatically cut off the high pressure and turn off the laser.
Before troubleshooting the water cooler, the laser cutting machine can not start normally.
It can be seen that the stability of the water cooler determines the state of the whole cutting equipment.
Cutting head
Regularly check the status of the cutting head lenses and cutting nozzles, clean or replace them in time, and replace the sealing ring immediately if internal leakage is found.
Finally, an effective preventive guardianship system should be established.
The purpose is to prevent the occurrence of equipment accidents and strictly control the accidents caused by poor equipment lubrication.
Operators should strictly abide by the operating rules, due to operational errors, violations of operating rules caused by equipment failure and reduced precision, and other phenomena.
Make a good record of fault repair and maintenance.
After each troubleshooting or maintenance work is completed, records should be made carefully to record the fault phenomena, troubleshooting methods, when and what maintenance has been done, which is helpful to follow-up management and bring convenience to future repairs.
All of the above opinions are not for commercial purposes. Any errors, we’d happy to revise it.
